东海南部海域头足类群落结构特征及其与环境关系   总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7  

朱文斌  薛利建  卢占晖  徐汉祥  徐开达 《海洋与湖沼》2014,45(2):436-442

根据2008年春(5月)、夏(8月)、秋(11月)、冬(2009年2月)四季东海区桁杆拖虾网调查期间所采集的头足类资料,分析了东海南部海域头足类种类组成及优势种,采用生态多样性指数分析了群落物种多样性,并运用典范对应分析法研究了头足类群落变化与主要环境因子的关系。结果表明:东海南部海域共捕获头足类22种,隶属于3目6科8属,优势种主要有神户乌贼(Sepia kobiensis)、双喙耳乌贼(Sepiola birostrata)、短蛸(Octopus ocellutus)和杜氏枪乌贼(Loligo duvaucelii)等;种类丰富度指数D变化范围为0—1.30,多样性指数H′变化范围为0—1.69,均匀度指数J变化范围为0.02—1.00,t检验表明,各群落多样性指数四季之间的差异均不显著(P0.05);根据典范对应分析认为,底层水温为影响调查海域头足类种类组成的主要环境因子。  相似文献   

香鱼(Plecoglossus altivelis)养殖群体遗传多样性的AFLP分析及性别特异性分子标记筛选     

闫松松  苗亮  李明云  范慧慧  胡谋  陈炯  史雨红 《海洋与湖沼》2014,45(2):395-399

采用扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)技术分析了香鱼(Plecoglossus altivelis)养殖群体的遗传多样性,并筛选性别特异性分子标记。结果表明,15对选扩引物组合共扩增到889个位点,其中多态性位点380个,多态率为42.74%;群体Nei氏遗传多样性指数为0.1454,Shannon氏指数I为0.2174。香鱼养殖群体的遗传多样性较丰富,处于中等偏上水平。仅引物组合E-ATG/M-CTG扩增到1条雄性特异性条带,长度为139bp。以该雄性特异性AFLP条带的DNA序列为模板,设计1对特异的PCR引物并在10尾已知性别的香鱼(雌雄各5尾)中扩增检验,结果显示5尾雄鱼均可扩增到目的条带而5尾雌鱼均无扩增。表明该序列是雄性特异性分子标记,可用于鉴别香鱼的遗传性别,并为香鱼的性别决定机制和性别控制研究奠定基础。  相似文献   

扇贝(Chlamys farreri)多肽通过EGFR抑制受紫外线B(UVB)诱导的HaCaT细胞凋亡     

樊洁  王岩  孙秀萍  韩彦弢  王春波 《海洋与湖沼》2014,45(2):328-334

利用Hoechst 33258荧光染色法检测紫外线B(UVB)辐射诱导HaCaT细胞凋亡率。结果表明,扇贝多肽(Polypeptide from Chlamys farreri,PCF)可以剂量依赖性抑制UVB诱导的HaCaT细胞凋亡;表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)抑制剂AG1478能明显抑制UVB诱导的HaCaT细胞凋亡。采用3’-RACE法构建EGFR的cDNA片段,克隆测序检测突变位点。结果表明,UVB照射后EGFR发生碱基突变A→G,A→G,T→C,G→A,G→A;预加入5.69mmol/L的PCF,产生部分抗突变作用,1,2,3突变位点处未发生碱基的突变。  相似文献   

Infaunal macrobenthos of the oxygen minimum zone on the Indian western continental shelf     

Thadickal V. Joydas  Rayaroth Damodaran 《Marine Ecology》2014,35(1):22-35

The Arabian Sea is characterized by a mid‐depth layer of reduced dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration or oxygen minimum zone (OMZ ‐DO concentration <0.5 ml·l^?1) at ~150–1000 m depth. This OMZ results from the flux of labile organic matter coupled with limited intermediate depth water ventilation. Generally, benthic animals in the OMZ have morphological and physiological adaptations that maximize oxygen uptake in the limited oxygen availability. Characteristics of OMZ benthos have been described from only a few localities in the Arabian Sea. We measured the bottom water DO and studied the characteristics of infaunal macrobenthos of the Indian western continental shelf by collecting samples at 50, 100 and 200 m in depth from 7° to 22° N. The DO values observed at 200 m (0.0005–0.24 ml·l^?1) indicated that this area is lying within an OMZ. Five major taxa, namely Platyhelminthes, Sipunculoidea, Echiuroidea, Echinodermata and Cephalochordata were absent from the samples collected from this OMZ. In general, declines in total macrobenthic density and biomass and polychaete species richness and diversity were observed in this OMZ compared with the shallower depths above it. Community analyses of polychaetes revealed the dominance of species belonging to families Spionidae, Cirratulidae and Paraonidae in this OMZ. Low oxygen condition was more pronounced in the northern continental shelf edge (≤0.03 ml·l^?1), where the majority of spionids including Prionospio pinnata and cirratulids were absent; whereas amphipod, isopod and bivalve communities were not impacted.  相似文献   

坛紫菜基因表达实时荧光定量PCR分析中内参基因的筛选     

李兵  陈昌生  徐燕  纪德华  谢潮添 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(9):152-159

  相似文献   

Phytoplankton community characteristics in the coastal waters of the southeastern Arabian Sea     

MINU P.  SHAJU S. S  MUHAMED ASHRAF P.  MEENAKUMARI B. 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(12):170-179

Remote sensing applications are important in the fisheries sector and efforts were on to improve the predictions of potential fishing zones using ocean color. The present study was aimed to investigate the phytoplankton dynamics and their absorption properties in the coastal waters of the southeastern Arabian Sea in different seasons during the year 2010 to 2011. The region exhibited 73 genera of phytoplankton from 19 orders and 41 families. The numerical abundance of phytoplankton varied from 14.235×103 to 55.075×106 cells/L. Centric diatoms dominated in the region and the largest family identified was Thalassiosiraceae with main genera as Skeletonema spp., Planktionella spp. and Thalassiosira spp. Annual variations in abundance of phytoplankton showed a typical one-peak cycle, with the highest recorded during premonsoon season and the lowest during monsoon season. The species diversity index of phytoplankton exhibited low diversity during monsoon season. Phytoplankton with pigments Chlorophyll a, Chlorophyll b, Chlorophyll c, peridinin, diadinoxanthin, fucoxanthin, β-carotene and phycoerythrobilin dominated in these waters. The knowledge on phytoplankton dynamics in coastal waters of the southeastern Arabian Sea forms a key parameter in bio-optical models of pigments and productivity and for the interpretation of remotely sensed ocean color data.  相似文献   

2009 年夏季罗源湾鱼卵仔鱼物种多样性分析     

刘勇 《海洋科学》2014,38(2):80-85

为探究福建罗源湾鱼卵、仔鱼物种多样性及分布,作者根据2009年7月在罗源湾鱼卵、仔鱼调查资料,对罗源湾鱼卵和仔鱼的优势度、物种多样性进行分析,并就其与环境因子的关系进行了探讨。结果共采集到21种鱼类的鱼卵和仔鱼,其中,鱼卵11种、仔鱼15种。鱼卵中优势种类为康氏小公鱼(Stolephorus commersonli)和中颌棱鳀(Thrissa mystax),仔鱼中优势种类为中颌棱鳀和鲾属某种(Leiognathus sp.)。调查海域仔鱼多样性指数低于鱼卵,仔鱼优势种突出,且优势度较大。鱼卵、仔鱼多样性指数最高区分别为Ⅰ区和Ⅱ区。相关分析显示,罗源湾夏季鱼卵多样性指数与盐度呈显著正相关性。  相似文献   

Biodiversity and community composition of sediment macrofauna associated with deep-sea Lophelia pertusa habitats in the Gulf of Mexico     

《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2014

Scleractinian corals create three-dimensional reefs that provide sheltered refuges, facilitate sediment accumulation, and enhance colonization of encrusting fauna. While heterogeneous coral habitats can harbor high levels of biodiversity, their effect on the community composition within nearby sediments remains unclear, particularly in the deep sea. Sediment macrofauna from deep-sea coral habitats (Lophelia pertusa) and non-coral, background sediments were examined at three sites in the northern Gulf of Mexico (VK826, VK906, MC751, 350–500 m depth) to determine whether macrofaunal abundance, diversity, and community composition near corals differed from background soft-sediments. Macrofaunal densities ranged from 26 to 125 individuals 32 cm⁻² and were significantly greater near coral versus background sediments only at VK826. Of the 86 benthic invertebrate taxa identified, 16 were exclusive to near-coral habitats, while 14 were found only in background sediments. Diversity (Fisher’s α) and evenness were significantly higher within near-coral sediments only at MC751 while taxon richness was similar among all habitats. Community composition was significantly different both between near-coral and background sediments and among the three primary sites. Polychaetes numerically dominated all samples, accounting for up to 70% of the total individuals near coral, whereas peracarid crustaceans were proportionally more abundant in background sediments (18%) than in those near coral (10%). The reef effect differed among sites, with community patterns potentially influenced by the size of reef habitat. Taxon turnover occurred with distance from the reef, suggesting that reef extent may represent an important factor in structuring sediment communities near L. pertusa. Polychaete communities in both habitats differed from other Gulf of Mexico (GOM) soft sediments based on data from previous studies, and we hypothesize that local environmental conditions found near L. pertusa may influence the macrofaunal community structure beyond the edges of the reef. This study represents the first assessment of L. pertusa-associated sediment communities in the GOM and provides baseline data that can help define the role of transition zones, from deep reefs to soft sediments, in shaping macrofaunal community structure and maintaining biodiversity; this information can help guide future conservation and management activities.  相似文献   

真鲷精子在外源DNA 下的生理特性和转染效果     

郑君飘  刘清华  徐世宏  马道远  肖志忠  林帆  肖永双  李军 《海洋科学》2014,38(7):1-6

为研究真鲷(Pagrus major)精子在外源DNA下的生理特性和转染效果,探索真鲷精子介导转基因技术,作者通过计算机辅助分析外源DNA环境下(不同孵育时间、DNA长度、DNA浓度)真鲷精子活率和运动速度的变化,进一步采用PCR和荧光探针的方法检测外源DNA与真鲷精子的结合情况,并通过人工授精来评价外源DNA能否转染精子并传递至F0代。结果表明:外源DNA浓度、孵育时间及DNA长度对精子活率无显著影响。在5μg/106个精子的高浓度10 kb DNA下孵育12 h,真鲷精子仍具有(75.89±5.55)%的精子活率,平均直线速度(70.97±6.37)μm/s,与对照组无显著差异,但精子平均曲线速度显著下降,比对照组低21.85μm/s。真鲷精子与带Fluorescein荧光素的DNA片段共孵育后,部分精子在荧光显微镜下观察到绿光。将DNA孵育后精子进行人工授精表明经过1μg DNA/106个精子孵育后的受精率和孵化率无显著下降,通过PCR法并没有在外源DNA处理的精子和F0代中检测到目的基因,表明外源DNA虽然能够吸附在真鲷精子表面,但并不足以携带进入卵子产生转基因后代。  相似文献   

南极深海沉积物中产低温脂肪酶菌株的筛选与基因克隆     

郝文惠  ;王凡羽  ;郭玉  ;汤熙翔 《台湾海峡》2014,(3):306-311

在10℃恒温培养条件下,从第29次南极科学考察获得的南极深海沉积物样品中分离筛选到产脂肪酶细菌3株,产脂肪酶真菌1株,对其进行分子生物学鉴定,确定为假交替单胞菌属（Pseudoalteromonas arctica）、芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus pumilus）、Glaciecola sp.以及白冬孢酵母属（Leucosporidium sp.）.通过测定各酶的最适反应温度,获得产低温脂肪酶芽孢杆菌XZ18,该菌所产脂肪酶最适反应温度为30℃,在0℃仍有部分活性.从NaCl浓度和pH值2个条件对产酶条件进行研究,最终确定了该菌最适产酶NaCl浓度5.0%、最适产酶pH值为6,最高产酶量为4.65 U/cm3.通过PCR扩增,获得了脂肪酶全长序列,对该序列进行系统发育分析,发现该脂肪酶基因处于较独立的分支.  相似文献